The “Great Firewall” refers to a series of technological controls imposed by the Chinese government on the Internet to filter and censor information and content on the Internet, and to restrict access to websites and services deemed not to comply with government requirements.

The Great Firewall mainly uses technical means, such as URL filtering, IP blocking, domain name hijacking, keyword filtering, deep packet inspection, etc., to block and review specific websites and content. In addition, the government also uses means such as “network public opinion monitoring” and “online inspections” to monitor and interfere with speech on the Internet.

The implementation of the Great Firewall restricts Internet freedom within China and, in particular, restricts people’s access to international network resources. At the same time, it has also sparked widespread discussion and controversy about Internet censorship and freedom.